When soldiers return from a tour of duty do they get de-briefing sessions and support or just return to the civilian world with no back up?
It's not exactly like soldiers are discharged from a combat zone. You are nondeployable for the final 3 months or so of your enlistment, and at the end of that time you go through out processing that is pretty much the same checks you went through on enlistment and includes medical screenings.
Out processing is a joke. They throw a shit ton of info at you while you are busy worrying about moving and how you are going to live your life without Uncle Sam. I didn't even know I could use the VA until I'd been out for a year and met some other vets. I thought it was just for retired people. I don't remember if we did medical checks, but I was also not coming back from deployment.
Except the Navy, which will send people home in that 3 month window (And that is for more cost effectiveness and not a military personnel's health), then the Navy (at least they were) offered 3 day discharges and a quick get the Hell out. No change in your discharge status - honorable, etc.
Yes, some. But a military man recently told me that when you finally get back, they corral soldiers waiting for their turn to get cleared to actually go home, and no one wants to say they have a problem because it delays getting home.