They will do exactly as they are told, as ever.

shortly after the invention of the telescope, the Pope at that time claimed that the inhabitants of those worlds would have proof of god's existence.

Why should any Muslim want to go to Mars? They fully intend to conquer this planet. Mars is for white people. It's the ultimate expression of "white flight."

Its amazing that someone would claim its impossible to go to Mars. We have active rovers there as I type this. Yes getting a person there and supporting him/her is somewhat more difficult, but hardly beyond our technical capability.
Science has shown religion to be wrong so often that religious believers are basically ignoring scientific truths..... and in USA trying to trying to discredit scientific studies. The extent to which the ignorant believers have been successful is bothersome (at best).

They'll just claim it was god's will that we got there, after we get there and will find some passage in their holy book that for told that we'd get there.