Of course everything happens for a reason. Its called "cause and effect".Beyond that its called "Shit happens!"

I do NOT think ANYTHING happens for a reason and if it does, the reason will be physics. IMHO

Chain of causality is a thing, but there is no divine plan.

The only way something happens for a reason is from the perspective of cause and effect. There is no supernatural 'reason' for anything to happen. I can't stand it when people say that. If something happens and one wants to learn a lesson from it, then that is a good thing.

Absolutely not

Yes. I am almost entirely a determinist, to the point of believing that will is certainly not always free, but some portion of will may straddle the line between free and caused. Of course quantum physics may prove me wrong, at least in a "small" way, lol.

Yes. The reason is physics.

That's as much reason as you're gonna find.

Not at all. There's nothing controlling what happens beyond physics and such, and physics doesn't care what happens to us. Most of the time the whole "everything happens for a reason" schtick is just victim blaming.

For every action there's a reaction. Yes things happen for a reason. When bad things happen the reason is usually we have made a bad decision. And the opposite for good things,. Some things are beyond our control but there is still a reason why everything happens. You can find most of those reasons in a science book.

No, I think that's pretty silly. The universe is pretty random and our place in it is nearly infinitesimally small.The only plan it has for any of us is to see that our atoms get disbursed back into the cosmos! Sorry.
Of course, that's just my opinion - I could be wrong!

Is conscience a feeling or thinking?

No but if its a shit happening there will be pain to deal with and if its a funny happening there will be laughter and if its a mixed bag happening there could be learning.probably depends upon how we meet changes.

YES. Physics.

Unless some human makes something happen, pretty much everything that happens is an accident; including the existence of humans.

As far as we may tell there is a cause for everything we see. There is a reason for many things but surely not all things. We may only know that a reason exits for some action or object when reasoning on observable phenomenon points to that conclusion. This is not certainty. It is the determination of a reasonable probability based on available evidence.

No, I think most of life is random, though sometimes subject to our personal choices - IF all goes as predicted (which we know is not always the case). Whe-e-e-e !

Yes, but just not necessarily the reason you want.

Most certainly there's a reason for any event. Most things happen for reasons that are mundane, though. As for the grand reason that there's something rather than nothing? I don't know.

NO.

We are co-creators of our own universe, so there's nobody to blame.
“I regard consciousness as fundamental and matter as derivative from consciousness." – Max Planck, theoretical physicist who originated quantum theory, 1918 Nobel Prize in Physics

In my earlier life, i made that statement all the time. That was... when I thought there was some overpowering force of a MAN-LIKE entity, putting me through some kind of paces in order to show me what HE could do and what I was made of! Now...I believe none of that...and life is still progressing in the same manner. I just use what I have learned and try to make the best decisions, based on that knowledge and experience AND adjust myself when necessary! Every event in my life can be put to good use, so in that sense...'everything happens for a reason!'

Oh, sorry - forgot you also asked how we can know its reason. Some stuff is obvious because the science behind it is self-evident. For example, if your glass of lemonade knocks over and spills, and the immediate antecedent was that your hand touched the glass and moved across the area where the glass was previously, we can be pretty sure that the reason your lemonade spilled was because you knocked over the glass of it.

Other than that, there are various techniques like root cause analysis, inductive or deductive reasoning...