Mukupirna nambensis: A new species of Vombatiform Marsupial from the Oligocene of South Australia.
[sciencythoughts.blogspot.com]
The three living species of wombat (Vombatus ursinus, Lasiorhinus latifrons and Lasiorhinus krefftii; family Vombatidae) and the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; family Phascolarctidae) are among the most iconic and unusual of Australia’s Marsupials. They are the only survivors of the clade Vombatiformes, one of the two major subclades within the order Diprotodontia; the other, Phalangerida, includes Possums, Kangaroos, Wallabies and Rat Kangaroos. Fossil Vombatiforms were highly diverse and included the large-bodied, herbivorous Diprotodontids, the possibly Tapir- or Chalicothere-like Palorchestids, and the carnivorous Thylacoleonid 'Marsupial Lions'. Vombatiformes suffered extensive extinctions during the Pleistocene; the last surviving members of several families (Diprotodontidae, Palorchestidae and Thylacoleonidae) went extinct, as did several Vombatid and Phascolarctid species, leaving the modern Wombats and Koala as the only remnants of this former diversity.
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